Prevalence of sarcopenia and its association with clinical outcomes in heart failure: An updated meta-analysis and systematic review.

Abstract

Background Sarcopenia is thought to be strongly associated with heart failure, but meta-analyses with sufficient samples are still lacking to accurately address its clinical situation. Hypothesis Sarcopenia has a high prevalence in patients with heart failure and is closely related to adverse clinical outcomes.

Methods Relevant databases were systematically searched in October 2021 and updated in July 2022. The data with high heterogeneity were combined with random effects model.

Results Twenty-one studies with 68,556 HF patients were included. The combined prevalence of sarcopenia in HF patients was 31%. Subgroup analysis found that the prevalence of sarcopenia in HF patients was 35% in Asia, 31% in Europe, 25% in the Americas, 31% in people aged ≥65 years, 25% in people with age

Conclusions The prevalence of sarcopenia is high in HF patients, and patients with HF, particularly those with reduced ejection fraction, are at high risk of adverse outcomes from sarcopenia. Therefore, early identification and intervention for sarcopenia were beneficial for improving the prognosis of HF patients.