Antibiotics: when they help and when they can do harm

Key points

An antibiotic is not a cure for viral infections.
Take it exactly as prescribed and do not share leftovers.
Improper use accelerates antimicrobial resistance.

Why antibiotics are not always the answer

Antibiotics treat certain infections caused by bacteria. They do not work on viruses. The decision depends on the symptoms, examination, duration of the disease, risks and sometimes laboratory findings.

Antimicrobial resistance occurs when microorganisms no longer respond to drugs. Then common infections can become more difficult to treat.

Safe to use

If an antibiotic is prescribed, follow the dose and duration given. For a missed dose, check the instructions or ask the pharmacist. Do not save leftovers for the next illness and do not take medicine intended for another person.

report known allergies
ask about possible interactions with other medications
contact us if the condition worsens or a serious reaction occurs

What else helps

Vaccination, hand hygiene, safe food preparation and responsible use of medicines reduce the number of infections and the need for antibiotics.

Swelling of the lips or tongue, difficulty breathing, collapse, or a rapidly spreading rash after the drug requires immediate attention.

Sources

Antimicrobial resistance — World Health Organization

This guide provides general information and is not medical advice, a diagnosis or a treatment recommendation. Consult a qualified healthcare professional for decisions about your health.